Risks and uncertainties related to doing business in China

The main operations of the Company are located in the PRC and conducted through its subsidiaries and affiliates. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by political, economic, and legal environments in the PRC, as well as by the general state of the PRC economy. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in the political, regulatory and social conditions in the PRC. Additionally, the recent statements and regulatory actions by China’s government, such as those related to the use of variable interest entities, data security or anti-monopoly concerns, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board’s ability to inspect the Company’s auditors, may impact the Company’s ability to conduct its business, accept foreign investments, or continue being listed on a U.S. stock exchange. Although the Company has not experienced losses from these situations and believes that it is in compliance with existing laws and regulations including its organization and structure disclosed in Note 1, such experience may not be indicative of future results.

The Company’s operations may be further affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company’s revenue from Sino-foreign Jointly Managed Academic Programs was not significantly impacted because Chinese universities / colleges have resumed on-site schooling since May 2020. The Company has been providing teaching services to students at normal level and no significant dropout has been reported to the Company during the six months ended June 30, 2022. However, due to the impact of COVID-19, the internal payment processes of the Company’s partnering schools were temporarily delayed. As a result, the Company and these partnering schools mutually agreed to extend the tuition payment term by three to six months. The Company does not believe such delay will result in any collectability risk and the entire tuition receivable balance is expected to be fully received but only slightly later than a typical operating year. Furthermore, this temporary delay in tuition payment does not represent a change in the Company’s cooperation model with these partnering schools and the Company does not expect to incur further tuition payment delays in the future.

The continued uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic has caused many Chinese universities / colleges to temporarily hold their “smart campus” project construction plans and accordingly the Company did not obtain large “smart campus” project contract during the six months ended June 30, 2022, which led to a decrease in the Company’s revenue from technological consulting and supporting services during that period. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a negative impact over the Company’s study abroad consulting services. A portion of the Company’s revenue from overseas study consulting services was recognized when students received offers and obtained appropriate visas. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, certain countries closed their borders and imposed travel restrictions. Due to the uncertainties around international travels, it is expected that the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to result in students being restricted from pursuing their overseas education in the near terms and may have further negative impact over the oversea study consulting service revenue stream.

See Note 12 for Segment Reporting.

The continued uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to negatively impact the Company’s revenue and cash flows, as students may be discouraged by the restrictions imposed by major overseas education destination countries, which may lead to significant decrease in the demand of the Company’s overseas study consulting services and even its Sino-foreign Jointly Managed Academic Programs. Further, any resurgence could negatively affect the execution of additional smart campus contracts with Chinese universities / colleges, the collection of the payments from previous smart campus projects, and the market development of the Company’s newly launched visualization solutions and technology consulting services to non-university businesses.

A significant portion of the Company’s revenue, accounts receivables and contracts asset is concentrated on two large customers, and the Company’s operating results will be adversely and materially impacted if we lose these customers. Please refer to Note 10 Concentrations for details.

Cash includes currency on hand and deposits held by banks that can be added or withdrawn without limitation. The Company maintains most of its bank accounts in the PRC and Hong Kong. Cash maintained in banks within the PRC of less than RMB0.5 million (equivalent to $74,648) per bank are covered by “deposit insurance regulation” promulgated by the State Council of the PRC. Cash maintained in banks in Hong Kong of less than HKD0.5 million (equivalent to $63,717) per bank are covered by “deposit insurance scheme” overseen by a statutory body, Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board, established under the Deposit Protection Scheme Ordinance. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, cash at bank in Hong Kong amounted to $12,051,046 and $31,860,607, respectively.

Account receivables and contract assets are recorded net of allowance for uncollectible accounts.

The Company determines the adequacy of reserves for doubtful accounts based on individual account analysis and historical collection trend. The allowance is based on management’s best estimate of specific losses on individual exposures, as well as a provision on historical trends of collections. Actual amounts received may differ from management’s estimate of credit worthiness and the economic environment. Delinquent account balances are written-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there was no allowance recorded as the Company considers all of the accounts receivable fully collectible.

The Company’s contracts receivable represents balance derived from the Technological Consulting Services for Smart Campus Solutions provided to Chinese universities/colleges, when the projects under the contracts have been completed and accepted by Chinese universities/colleges, but the balances have not been past due based on the contracted payment schedules. The Company had not incurred any bad debts with Chinese universities/colleges in the past, and considers the contract receivable fully collectible. Thus, there was no allowance recorded on such outstanding contract receivable as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (See Note 4).

Advance to suppliers consists of balances paid to suppliers that the goods or services have not been provided or received. The Company makes advance payment to suppliers for purchase of equipment, devices and electronic component products in order to undertake the “smart campus” consulting projects for customers. Advance to suppliers are short-term in nature and are reviewed periodically to determine whether their carrying value has become impaired. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there was no allowance recorded as the Company considers all of the advances to be fully realizable.

The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at the inception of a contract. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of- use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of the remaining future minimum lease payments. As the interest rate implicit in the Company’s leases is not readily determinable, the Company utilizes its borrowing rates set by the Central Bank of the PRC, determined by class of underlying asset, to discount the lease payments.

The Company leases premises for offices under non-cancellable operating leases. Right-of-use assets are expensed over the term of lease. The Company leases do not include options to extend nor any restrictions or covenants. The Company has historically been able to renew its office leases. Under the terms of the lease agreements, the Company has no legal or contractual asset retirement obligations at the end of the lease.

Long-lived assets with finite lives, primarily property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the estimated cash flows from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition below are the asset’s carrying value, then the asset is deemed to be impaired and written down to its fair value. There were no impairments of these assets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost of an asset comprises of its purchase price and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its present working condition and location for its intended use.

Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The estimated useful lives for significant property and equipment are as follows:

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not materially extend the useful lives of the assets, are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments which substantially extend the useful life of assets are capitalized. The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets retired or sold are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of income and other comprehensive income in other income or expenses.

The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from providing a wide range of educational services and programs to customers, as disclosed below.

Revenues are reported net of all value added taxes.

To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation.

With its “smart campus” solution services to Chinese universities / colleges, the Company provides technical support to Chinese universities / colleges for the customization of their campus data management application systems to record student information. The Company does not develop and own the data management application software. Costs incurred, which consist primarily of internal salaries and benefits of personnel involved in the provision of such services, were included in the cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of income and other comprehensive income.

The Company accounts for current income taxes in accordance with the laws of the relevant tax authorities. Deferred income taxes are recognized when temporary differences exist between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period including the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred. No significant penalties or interest relating to income taxes had been incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. The Company does not believe there was any uncertain tax position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

The Company’s operating subsidiaries in China are subject to the income tax laws of the PRC. No significant income was generated outside the PRC for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. As of June 30, 2022, all of the tax returns of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries remained open for statutory examination by PRC tax authorities.

The PRC government implemented a value-added tax reform pilot program, which replaced the business tax with VAT on selected sectors including but not limited to education in Beijing effective September 1, 2012. In August 2013, the pilot program was expanded nationwide in certain industries. Since May 2016, the change from business tax to VAT are expanded to all other service sectors which used to be subject to business tax. The VAT rates applicable to the Company’s PRC subsidiaries ranged from 3% to 6%.

The Company measures compensation expense for share-based awards to non-employee contractors and directors based on the awards’ initial grant-date fair value. The estimated grant-date fair value of the award is recognized as expense over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. The Company estimated grant-date fair value of restricted shares based on the market price of the ordinary shares as of the grant date. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, share-based compensation expense amounted to nil and $53,250, respectively.

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is measured as net income divided by the weighted average ordinary shares outstanding for the period. Diluted presents the dilutive effect on a per share basis of potential ordinary shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential ordinary shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, there were no dilutive shares.

The functional currency for China Liberal, Yi Xin BVI and Boya Hong Kong is the U.S Dollar (“US$” or “$”). However, China Liberal, Yi Xin BVI and Boya Hong Kong currently only serve as the holding companies and did not have active operation as of June 30, 2022. The Company operates primarily through its subsidiary, China Liberal Beijing, in the PRC, and the functional currency for China Liberal Beijing is the Chinese Yuan (“RMB”). The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been translated into the reporting currency US$. Assets and liabilities of the Company are translated at the exchange rate at each reporting period end date. Equity is translated at historical rates. Income and expense accounts are translated at the average rate of exchange during the reporting period. The resulting translation adjustments are reported under other comprehensive income (loss). Gains and losses resulting from the translations of foreign currency transactions and balances are reflected in the results of operations.

The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currency and all foreign exchange transactions must take place through authorized institutions. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into US$ at the rates used in translation.

The following table outlines the currency exchange rates that were used in creating the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in this report:

Comprehensive income consists of two components, net income and other comprehensive income. The foreign currency translation gain or loss resulting from translation of the financial statements expressed in RMB to US$ is reported in other comprehensive income in the consolidated statements of income and other comprehensive income.

In accordance with ASC 230, “Statement of Cash Flows”, cash flows from the Company’s operations are formulated based upon the local currencies. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets.

In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), which requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 was subsequently amended by Accounting Standards Update 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses, Accounting Standards Update 2019-04 Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments, and Accounting Standards Update 2019-05, Targeted Transition Relief. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, which extends the effective date for adoption of ASU 2016-13. Accordingly, for public entities that are not smaller reporting entities, ASU 2016-13 and its amendments is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. For all other entities, this guidance and its amendments will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. As an emerging growth company, the Company plans to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2023. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the pending adoption of ASU 2016-13 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.